Zu chongzhi biography of barack

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The Daming calender became official calender of Liang Dynasty (梁朝; Pinyin: Liáng cháo) (502-557).

  • distinguishing the Sidereal Year and the Tropical Year, and he measured 45 years and 11 months per degree between those two, and today we know the difference is 70.7 years per degree.
  • calculating one year as (≒365.24281481) days, which is very close to 365.24219878 days as we know today.
  • calculating the number of overlaps between sun and moon as 27.21223, which is very close to 27.21222 as we know today; using this number he successfully predicted an eclipse four times during 23 years (from 436 to 459).
  • calculating the Jupiter year as about 11.858 Earth years, which is very close to 11.862 as we know of today.
  • deriving two approximations of pi, which held as the most accurate approximation for π for over 900 years.

    Zu also calculated one year as (≒365.24281481) days, which is close to today's 365.24219878 days. In addition, the "Daming calendar" Zu compiled was the most accurate calendar at that time. Since traditionally, the Chinese developed mathematics as algebraic, and equational. Logically, scholars assume that his work, Zhui Shu yields methods of cubic equations.

    Science and Civilization in China: Volume 3, Mathematics and the Sciences of the Heavens and the Earth. Tā bèi yù wèi “zhōngguó gǔdài shùxué jùjiàng”, shì zhōnghuá mínzú kējì shǐshàng de guībǎo.

    • Zu Chongzhi


    Zu Chongzhi

    Zu Chongzhi (429-500) was an outstanding mathematician and astronomer during the Northern and Southern dynasties (420-589).

    In ancient Chinese thought, geographical direction is not value neutral but highly value loaded.

    This article contains Chinese text.
    Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters.

    The literal translation of this chariot in Chinese character, "指南車," is a combination of two characters, "vehicle" (車) and "instruction" or "teaching." The character of "teaching" (指南) consists of two Characters, "pointing" (指) and "south" (南).

    However, it was Zu Chongzhi who successfully re-invented it in 478 C.E., as described in the texts of the Song Shu (c.

    His mathematical achievements included:

    • the Daming calendar (大明曆) introduced by him in 465. Credit is due under the terms of this license that can reference both the New World Encyclopedia contributors and the selfless volunteer contributors of the Wikimedia Foundation.

      His calculation of the length of a tropical year differs from the modern value by only 46 seconds; it laid solid foundations for astronomical research worldwide.

      To celebrate Zu Chongzhi's remarkable contributions to science and culture, the Purple Mountain Observatory named an asteroid – which was discovered in 1964 and given the international permanent number 1888 – "Zu Chongzhi Star".

      祖冲之

      祖冲之（429—500）是南北朝时期杰出的数学家、天文学家。他一生钻研自然科学，在数学、天文历法和机械制造等方面都作出了卓越的贡献。

      祖冲之首次将圆周率精算到小数点后第七位，即在3.1415926和3.1415927之间。他对圆周率数值的精确推算值，对于中国乃至世界是一个重大贡献，后人将“这个精确推算值”用他的名字命名为“祖冲之圆周率”。直到16世纪，这一精算纪录才被打破。此外，由祖冲之撰写的《大明历》是当时最科学、先进的历法。按照他的推算，一个回归年的长度和今时的推算值仅相差46秒，这为世界天文研究奠定了坚实基础。

      为了纪念祖冲之对中国和世界科学文化作出的杰出贡献，紫金山天文台将1964年发现的国际永久编号为1888的小行星命名为“祖冲之星”。

      .

      Hence, "teaching" is expressed as "pointing to the sought." Thus, the chariot is a vehicle for a teacher or a master or Xian, Toaist immortal saint.

      The idea was incorporated into Feng shui, a general geographical-astronomical theory of fortune. Sadly, this book didn't survive to the present day, since it has been lost since the Song Dynasty. Japanese mathematician Yoshio Mikami pointed out, " was nothing more than the π value obtain several-hundred years earlier by the Greek mathematician Archimedes,however Milu could not be found in any Greek, Indian or Arabian manuscripts, not until 1585 Dutch mathematician Adriaan Anthoniszoom obtained this fraction; the Chinese possessed this most extraodinary fraction over a whole millennium earlier than Europe." Hence Mikami strongly urged that the fraction be named after Zu Chongzhi as Zu Chongzhi fraction.[1] In Chinese literature, this fraction is known as "Zu rate." Zu rate is a best rational approximation to π, and is the closest rational approximation to π from all fractions with denominator less than 16,600.[2]

    • finding the volume of a sphere as πD3/6 where D is diameter (equavilent to 4πr3/3).
    • discovering the Cavalieri's principle, 1,000 years before Bonaventura Cavalieri in the West.

    Mathematics

    Most of Zu's great mathematical works, are recorded in his lost text Zhui Shu.

    Since Ma Jun's time such a thing had not been.[3]

    Zu Chongzhi made a new improved vehicle with bronze gears for Emperor Shun of Liu Song. To flee from the ravages of war, Zu's grandfather Zu Chang moved to the Yangtze, as part of the massive population movement during the Eastern Jin.

    Zu Chang (祖昌) at one point held the position of "Minister of Great Works" (大匠卿) within the Liu Song and was in charge of government construction projects.

    zu chongzhi biography of barack

    China is one of the countries which had the most advanced mathematics before fourteenth century. ISBN 9780262140119

  • Needham, Joseph.