Susanne winnacker biography of mahatma gandhi
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He was born in the distinguished family of administrators. British authorities arrested Gandhi in March 1922 and tried him for sedition; he was sentenced to six years in prison but was released in 1924 after undergoing an operation for appendicitis. In 1888 Gandhi set sail for England, where he had decided to pursue a degree in law.
1945, reprint ed., Lahore, 1977. Gandhi and Women. He declared his opposition to the vivisection of India. Gandhi’s Vision and Values: The Moral Quest for Change in Indian Agriculture. At The Great Trial, as it is known to his biographers, Gandhi delivered a masterful indictment of British rule.
Owing to his poor health, Gandhi was released from prison in 1925.
He asked the Indians to boycott foreign cloth and promote hand spun khadi thus creating work for the villagers. Boston: Beacon Press, 1992.
Khanna, Suman.
Over the next few years, he was to become involved in numerous local struggles, such as at Champaran in Bihar, where workers on indigo plantations complained of oppressive working conditions, and at Ahmedabad, where a dispute had broken out between management and workers at textile mills. Gandhi himself came to an awareness of the frightening force and fury of European racism, and how far Indians were from being considered full human beings, when he when thrown out of a
first-class railway compartment car, though he held a first-class ticket, at Pietermaritzburg.
This was to be of his many major public fasts, and in 1932 he was to commence the so-called Epic Fast unto death, since he thought of “separate electorates” for the oppressed class of what were then called untouchables (or Harijans in Gandhi’s vocabulary, and dalits in today’s language) as a retrograde measure meant to produce permanent divisions within Hindu society.
With this incident evolved the concept of Satyagraha. Gandhiji fasted in support of workers. This non-cooperation movement was the first nationwide movement on national scale. New York: Basic Books, 1978.
Green, Martin. Gandhi went to London in 1931 and met some of his admirers in Europe, but the negotiations proved inconclusive.
For a small sample, see the following booklets (and in some cases small books) of Gandhi’s thoughts on particular subjects released by Navajivan: The Moral Basis of Vegetarianism (1959); Woman’s Role in Society (1959); Trusteeship (1960); Medium of Instruction (1954); Bapu and Children (1962); Bread Labour [The Gospel of Work] (1960); and The Message of the Gita (1959).
These were some of the concerns most prominent in Gandhi’s mind, but he was also to initiate a constructive programme for social reform. He broke the law, which had deprived the poor man of his right to make salt .This simple act was immediately followed by a nation-wide defiance of the law. In the period from 1942 to 1945, the Muslim League, which represented the interest of certain Muslims and by now advocated the creation of a separate homeland for Muslims, increasingly gained the attention of the British, and supported them in their war effort.
Gandhi had ideas — mostly sound — on every subject, from hygiene and nutrition to education and labor, and he relentlessly pursued his ideas in one of the many newspapers which he founded. His grandfather had risen to be the Dewan or Prime Minister of Porbandar and was succeeded by his father Karamchand Gandhiji .His mother Putlibai, a religious person, had a major contribution in moulding the character of young Mohan.
He studied initially at an elementary school in Porbandar and then at primary and high schools in Rajkot, one of the important cities of Gujarat.