Diphilus biography of mahatma gandhi
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Gandhi organized a march from New Castle to Transvaal without permit and courting arrest. Along with his wife, Kasturbai, and their children, Gandhi remained in South Africa for nearly 20 years.
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In the famous Salt March of April-May 1930, thousands of Indians followed Gandhi from Ahmadabad to the Arabian Sea.
The march resulted in the arrest of nearly 60,000 people, including Gandhi himself.
Gandhi was appalled by the discrimination he experienced as an Indian immigrant in South Africa. In September 1932, Gandhiji faced the complex issue of the British rulers agreeing for the separate electorates for untouchables.
Extremely good for the ‘grammar’ of satyagraha.
Erikson, Erik H. Gandhi’s Truth: On the Origins of Militant Nonviolence. He particularly advocated the manufacture of khaddar, or homespun cloth, in order to replace imported textiles from Britain. Subhash Chandra Bose had called him ‘Father of the Nation’ in his message on Hind Azad Radio.
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, at Porbandar, a small town in Gujarat, on the sea coast of Western India.
Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000.
Ambedkar, B. R. What Congress and Gandhi Have Done to the Untouchables. He first lost his trusted secretary and companion Mahadev Desai on 15th August 1942. Arrested upon his return by a newly aggressive colonial government, Gandhi began a series of hunger strikes in protest of the treatment of India’s so-called “untouchables” (the poorer classes), whom he renamed Harijans, or “children of God.” The fasting caused an uproar among his followers and resulted in swift reforms by the Hindu community and the government.
In 1934, Gandhi announced his retirement from politics in, as well as his resignation from the Congress Party, in order to concentrate his efforts on working within rural communities.
In the general elections held in Britain in 1945, Labour Party came to power, and Mr.Atlee became the Prime Minister. Quite handy iis Index of Subjects to the Collected Works (1988).
For a more comprehensive account, see the 8-volume biography by D. G. Tendulkar, Mahatma: Life of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (New Delhi, 1951), which has the advantage of reproducing many of Gandhi’s speeches and writings, often in their entirety, and the 4 volumes of Pyarelal’s biography, The Early Phase and The Last Phase (Ahmedabad, various years).
Initially he had difficulty in adjusting to English customs and weather but soon he overcame it. Mahatma Gandhi: Nonviolent Power in Action. Finally, under pressure from the British and Indian governments, the government of South Africa accepted a compromise negotiated by Gandhi and General Jan Christian Smuts, which included important concessions such as the recognition of Indian marriages and the abolition of the existing poll tax for Indians.
In July 1914, Gandhi left South Africa to return to India.
4 (October-December 1990), pp. 667-76.
There are numerous bibliographies on Gandhi, but all are severely dated. But he returned to India in 1915 as Mahatma.
As advised by Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Gandhiji spent one year travelling in India and studying India and her people. Now after year’s travel, Gandhiji moved his ashram on the banks of Sabarmati River near Ahmedabad and called it Satyagraha Ashram.
His first Satyagraha in India was at Champaran, Bihar in 1917 for the rights of peasants on indigo plantations.