Astronomer galileo biography timeline

Galileo Galilei was born on February 15, 1564, in Pisa, Italy.

He obtains conditional permission from the Secretary of the Vatican SummerAn outbreak of the plague begins to disrupt commerce and travel between cities. AugustFederico Cesi, the founder and patron of the Lincean Academy, dies. The dialogue was presented as a discussion among the proponents of both systems, ultimately favoring the Copernican heliocentric model.

In March he obtains permission to attend church on religious holidays, provided that he have no contact with others. JulyThe Discourse on Two New Sciences comes off the press in Leiden in the Netherlands. AugustWhen the gold chain from the Dutch States General is presented to Galileo, he refuses it.

He is disappointed by the fine print. FallContinues his improvement of the telescope and begins to make celestial observations with the instrument. DecemberMakes a series of observations of the Moon, from 30 November to 19 December.1560 | 1570 | 1580 | 1590 | 1600 | 1610 | 1620 | 1630 | 16401610January On 7 January Galileo observes three bright little stars near Jupiter; by 15 January he has figured out that there are four satellites of Jupiter. FebruaryWhile continuing his other observations, Galileo maps some star formations. MarchSidereus Nuncius, dedicated to Cosimo II, Grand Duke of Tuscany, comes off the press in Venice.

Years are linked to the European Timeline, which provides a broad overview of concurrent events in Europe. In 1589, he became professor of mathematics at Pisa. The sentence is signed by only seven of the ten cardinal-inquisitors.  In a formal ceremony at a the church of Santa Maria Sopra Minerva, Galileo abjures his errors.  First Galileo is allowed to be under house arrest at the residence of the Tuscan ambassador, and then at the residence of the archbishop of Siena in that Tuscan city. JulyGalileo arrives in Siena.

After an investigation by the Inquisition, Galileo is cleared.1560 | 1570 | 1580 | 1590 | 1600 | 1610 | 1620 | 1630 | 16401626 Horatio Grassi publishes his reply to The Assayer, a book entitled Ratio Ponderum Librae ac Simbellae, in Paris.1627MarchUrban VIII bestows a pension of 60 scudi per year on Vincenzio, the son of Galileo.1629NovemberGalileo once again takes up contact with Spanish authorities about the determination of longitude at sea by means of the satellites of Jupiter. DecemberGalileo becomes a grandfather, when Sestilia Bocchineri, his son Vincenzio's wife since the previous year, gives birth to a boy who is given the name Galileo.1630 Publication of Christoph Scheiner's Rosa Ursina, the definitive work on sunspots for over a century.  Death of Johannes Kepler.

He named these moons Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto, now known as the Galilean moons.

In March 1610, Galileo Galilei published 'Sidereus Nuncius' (Starry Messenger), a short astronomical treatise in which he described his telescopic observations. This set out the arguments for and against the Copernican theory in the form of a discussion between two men.

The final result is that the preface and ending would be approved in Rome while the remainder of the book would be checked and approved by the Inquisition in Florence.1632FebruaryPrinting of the Dialogue is completed. SummerFurther distribution of the Dialogo is prohibited by Pope Urban VIII and a special commission is appointed to examine the book. SeptemberBased on the report by the special commission, Urban VIII refers the case to the Inquisition.

In 1592, he moved to become mathematics professor at the University of Padua, a position he held until 1610. Although he was not the original inventor, he significantly improved the design, enhancing its magnification.   Galileo first studies Euclid's Elements--not at the university, but in Florence under the court mathematician Ostilio Ricci.

The apology emphasized the importance of dialogue between science and faith and the need for humility in the interpretation of scripture.