Oscar romero el salvador biography of michael
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The United Nations Special Representative, José Antonio Pastor Ridruejo reports more humanitarian conduct by the armed forces than in any previous year. The guerillas’ self-stated purpose is to demonstrate a “duality of power” in El Salvador. There was a significant, albeit temporary decrease in activities of the squads.
Dec 15: A new constitution is approved, after 20 months of debate.
As the power increases in the rightist ARENA Party, it tries to strip Fr. Ellacuria of his citizenship and drive him from the country.
1987
Labor, student, and campesino groups organize numerous demonstrations demanding negotiations to settle the civil war. When Duarte takes office on June 1 he becomes the first civilian elected to the presidency in 50 years.
April: Legal Protection reports that death squad activities decreased markedly during the first months of the year, and increased significantly in April.
May 23: Five Salvadoran National Guardsmen are convicted of the murders of the US Churchwomen and are sentenced to 30 years in prison.
Sept: The UN Commission on Human Rights reports that political murders have declined significantly, but says: “…the persistence of civilian deaths in or as a result of combat weakens the favorable impression created by the decline in the number of political murders in non-combat situations.”
October: President Duarte invites the FMLN to talks at La Palma Chalatenango on October 15 and at Ayagualo, La Libertad, on November 30.
This strengthens the most conservative sectors of Salvadoran society and incontrovertibly reveals the passivity of the nation’s judiciary.
May 14-15: As many as 600 Salvadoran peasants are tortured and murdered by government forces near the Sumpul River.
Aug 12-15: A general strike called by FDR (a coalition of center-left parties) is violently suppressed, leaving 129 labor organizers dead.
Oct: The five largest revolutionary groups unite to form the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN).
Fr. Ellacuria and Archbishop Rivera Damas negotiate a settlement that exchanges Ms Duarte and 22 mayors for Nidia Díaz and 21 other rebel leaders. The United Nations oversee the election process. The courts capitulate to waves of terrorist threats and institutional pressures from the far right and release D’Aubuisson. Washington praises the Salvadoran government for its resistance to “…a textbook case of armed aggression by communist powers.
The army resumes mass executions in San Sebastián and elsewhere. In November, in Cabañas Department, government troops attack more than 1,000 people trying to escape to Honduras.
The government responds with a large-scale counter-offensive. These events convinced many—peasants and middle class alike—that reforms could not be achieved democratically when democracy itself was corrupt, and revolutionary groups grew rapidly. 2: Four US churchwomen (Sr. He also demands the removal of certain military personnel and security officers who are guilty of human rights violations.
Monsignor Rivera y Damas reports that the rebels attack the military and the military attacks civilians.
Feb 22: Uniformed soldiers kidnapp, torture, and kill approximately 70 peasants from a cooperative at Las Hojas, Sonsonate.
March 16: Marianela García Villas, President of the Human Rights Commission of El Salvador a non-governmental organization is executed by security forces.
May 4: The Constituent Assembly passes an Amnesty Law for civilians involved in political offenses.
May 25: Col.
Albert Schaufelberger is shot by rebels, becoming the first US military adviser to die in the war.
Aug 29-30: Negotiations begin between the government and the FDR- FMLN in San Jose, Costa Rica; no progress is made but both sides meet again in Bogotá on September 29.
Sept 25-26: The FMLN attacks army positions in Tenancingo; the military responds with aerial bombings that kill 100 civilians.
Oct.
Death squads become more active again, killing an average of eight people per month—three times higher than in 1987. US Congressional committee debates continuing military aid to El Salvador, decides to continue funding, despite Archbishop Romero’s plea for its termination.
March 24: Archbishop Oscar A.
Romero is assassinated. 15: The extreme right-wing government of Gen. Carlos Humberto Romero is overthrown by a coalition of moderate military officers and civilian leaders.