Mathole motshekga biography of albert einstein

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In 1946 he proposed a world government in which he saw the only way to achieve continuous peace.

Einstein spent the last years of his life reclusively in Princeton. After that time he was given a professorship in Prague and then again in Zurich. The second article contained Einstein’s experimental proof of the existence of atoms, which he got by analyzing the phenomenon of Brownian motion, in which tiny particles were suspended in water.

In the third and most famous article, titled “On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies,” Einstein confronted the apparent contradiction between two principal theories of physics: Isaac Newton’s concepts of absolute space and time and James Clerk Maxwell’s idea that the speed of light was a constant.

Mathole Motshekga

Mathole Serofo Motshekga (born 2 April 1949 in Limpopo) is a South African politician and lawyer. When he turned 15 he left school without any degree and followed his family to Milan. In August 2025, he participated in a G20

“Let me tell you what I look like: pale face, long hair, and a tiny beginning of a paunch.
In addition, an awkward gait, and a cigar in the mouth …”

Albert Einstein, 1920

BIOGRAPHY

Albert Einstein was born as the first child of the Jewish couple Hermann and Pauline Einstein, nee Koch, in Ulm on March 14, 1879.

He did not like lessons in grammar school as they were held with strict discipline and as he was forced to learn. The move coincided with the beginning of Einstein’s romantic relationship with a cousin of his, Elsa Lowenthal, whom he would eventually marry after divorcing Mileva. In 1913, he arrived at the University of Berlin, where he was made director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics.

From 1909 to 1916 Albert Einstein worked on a generalisation of the special theory of relativity, the general theory of relativity. He was also the 2nd Premier of Gauteng province. Sein Leben und seine ZeitMunich 1949

Albert Einstein

Einstein’s Miracle Year (1905)

While working at the patent office, Einstein did some of the most creative work of his life, producing no fewer than four groundbreaking articles in 1905 alone.

In 1939 World War II broke out. One year later Einstein’s first son, Hans Albert, was born and his second son Eduard followed in 1910. Albert Einstein died on April 18, 1955. As founder of the Kara Heritage Institute, he authored The Mudjadji Dynasty, a publication detailing the historical and cultural significance of the lineage, which has informed public and scholarly discourse on the dynasty's legitimacy.[29] His efforts aligned with the Traditional Leadership and Governance Framework Act, contributing to the formal acknowledgment of the queenship as the first legally accepted female monarchy in post-apartheid South Africa during the reign of Makobo Modjadji VI.[35]Motshekga served as custodian and chief counsellor to Princess Masalanabo Modjadji, supporting her claim as Modjadji VII amid succession disputes following the death of Queen Makobo Modjadji VI in 2005.

He served as Provincial Chairperson of the ANC in Gauteng from 1997 to 2000, a role that positioned him at the forefront of party organization and policy implementation in the economic hub of South Africa.[9] Earlier, in the transitional period around 1990, he was appointed Deputy Provincial Chairperson of the Gauteng ANC branch under Tokyo Sexwale, contributing to the consolidation of ANC influence in the newly delineated provincial boundaries ahead of the 1994 elections.[7]In January 1998, following Sexwale's resignation as Premier, Motshekga was elected to succeed him, becoming the second Premier of Gauteng on 19 January 1998.[13] His tenure, which lasted until 15 June 1999, focused on stabilizing provincial governance amid internal ANC dynamics and economic development priorities, including efforts to address urban infrastructure challenges in Johannesburg and Pretoria.[14] During this period, Motshekga advocated for shaking up the ANC provincial organization to enhance efficiency, as noted in contemporary analyses of Gauteng's political landscape.[14] He was replaced by Mbhazima Shilowa in mid-1999 as part of broader ANC leadership transitions.[15]As Premier, Motshekga oversaw the Gauteng provincial executive council, managing portfolios related to economic affairs, housing, and public works in a province accounting for approximately 34% of South Africa's GDP at the time.

mathole motshekga biography of albert einstein

He was 76 years old.

Illustrations Credits:
FamousBrick, Lindau (Bodensee): 1
ETH-Bibliothek, Zurich: 2
Archive of the author: 3
Albert Einstein-Society, Bern: 4

Bibliography:

Albrecht FölsingAlbert EinsteinFrankfurt on the Main 1993
Philipp FrankEinstein.

In 1915, Einstein published the general theory of relativity, which he considered his masterwork. According to Einstein’s equivalence principle–which held that gravity’s pull in one direction is equivalent to an acceleration of speed in the opposite direction–if light is bent by acceleration, it must also be bent by gravity. Another work contains the most famous formula of the world “E = m · c2“.

Much too thick!” But despite all fear the development of young Albert was a normal one. These conflicts escalated following the death of Queen Modjadji VI in 2001, with Motshekga advocating for adherence to matrilineal traditions favoring female succession, while council factions, including Prince Mpapatla Modjadji, pushed for male heirs such as Prince Lekukela Modjadji.[37][39]In May 2021, Motshekga publicly criticized the council as "illegitimate" for attempting to appoint Prince Lekukela as king and alleged plans to "loot Balobedu funds," arguing that such actions undermined the dynasty's customs.[39] By January 2025, after President Cyril Ramaphosa's recognition of Masalanabo as queen, Motshekga dismissed the opposing council members as "dissidents" intent on disrupting the succession.[37] In response, Prince Mpapatla filed court papers in March 2025 seeking an interdict to bar Motshekga from "meddling in Modjadji affairs," including any coronation arrangements, claiming he lacked authority and acted unlawfully.[41][42]The Pretoria High Court heard an interdict application against Motshekga on August 27, 2025, initiated by Mpapatla to prevent him from representing the royal family, amid accusations from council allies that Motshekga had effectively "kidnapped" Masalanabo and used courts to isolate her.[43] Motshekga countered in September 2025 by applying to overturn the interdict, accusing Mpapatla and the council of a deliberate effort to "silence" him and subvert the queen's custodianship.[44] These legal confrontations highlight deeper tensions over customary authority, with Motshekga maintaining that council dissidents violated Balobedu traditions by prioritizing patrilineal claims despite historical female rulers.[45]

Controversies and criticisms

Allegations of conflicts of interest

In 2022, allegations emerged that Mathole Motshekga, as an ANC Member of Parliament, had misled Parliament by underdeclaring his shareholding in Sechaba Trust, a company involved in high-profile liquidations including those of Comair and African Global Operations (formerly Bosasa).[6] According to parliamentary registers, Motshekga declared a 20% interest in Sechaba Trust for the years 2017, 2018, and 2019, but the company's share register indicated his actual holding was 54% since 2011.[6] For 2020 and 2021, he listed himself only as a director without disclosing the shareholding.[6]These discrepancies drew scrutiny amid a Special Investigating Unit (SIU) probe, authorized by President Cyril Ramaphosa, into maladministration, corruption, and fraud at the Office of the Master of the High Court, which oversees liquidations.[6] The SIU questioned Motshekga via email about his stake in Sechaba Trust, which reportedly generated R50 million to R80 million in annual business, potentially yielding him dividends estimated at R5.4 million yearly—far exceeding the R20,000 income he declared from the entity.[6] Whistle-blowers and former Bosasa chief operations officer Angelo Agrizzi highlighted the issue, with Agrizzi in 2023 calling for fraud charges against Sechaba's liquidators, alleging Motshekga's undeclared influence compromised transparency in state-related liquidations.[46][47]Motshekga denied any intentional wrongdoing, attributing the declaration errors to "changes" in his involvement and insisting his reported 20% reflected his understanding at the time.[6] Sechaba director Cloete Murray described the shareholding claims as "factually incorrect," while Parliament's ethics committee declined to comment on the active allegations.[6] The matter raised concerns over potential conflicts between Motshekga's parliamentary oversight roles and his financial interests in a firm handling politically sensitive liquidations, though no formal charges or resolutions were reported as of late 2023.[46]

Family-linked procurement claims

In 2004, Sediba sa Basadi, a black economic empowerment company founded by Angie Motshekga and directed by her husband Mathole Motshekga during his tenure as Gauteng Premier from 1998 to 1999, acquired a stake in Allpay Solutions following the latter's award of a R1 billion tender by the Gauteng Department of Social Development for pension and social grant payouts.[48][49] Motshekga had recommended Sediba sa Basadi to Allpay as a suitable partner for compliance with empowerment requirements, but Allpay executive Louis Kotze later stated that the company would not have granted the shareholding had it known of Motshekga's directorial role and prior influence, citing undisclosed conflicts of interest.[48] The arrangement drew scrutiny for potentially enabling family-linked benefits from provincial procurement processes under Motshekga's oversight, though no formal charges resulted and Sediba's involvement was framed as standard BEE participation.[50]Further allegations surfaced in August 2020 amid COVID-19 procurement pressures, claiming Motshekga owned or planned a factory producing sanitizers supplied to schools through tenders managed by the Department of Basic Education, headed by his wife Angie Motshekga.[51][52] These assertions, circulated via social media and described by critics as attempts to implicate the family in PPE irregularities, were rejected by the department as "absolutely not true and totally malicious," with confirmation that Motshekga held no such manufacturing interests or tender contracts.[53][54] No independent verification or procurement records substantiated family involvement, and the claims aligned with broader patterns of unproven accusations against ANC figures during the pandemic.[55]

Personal life and later activities

Marriage and family

Mathole Motshekga is married to Angie Motshekga, a South African politician and longtime member of the African National Congress who has held ministerial positions including Basic Education and, as of 2024, Defence.[56][51] The couple has two children: a daughter named Makgatho Mmathari Motshekga, who graduated from the University of South Africa in 2011,[57] and a son.[58]

Post-retirement engagements

Following his retirement from Parliament in 2024, Mathole Motshekga has maintained active leadership in cultural and heritage initiatives as executive founder of the Kara Heritage Institute, which he established in 1982.

Einstein soon began building on his theories to form a new science of cosmology, which held that the universe was dynamic instead of static, and was capable of expanding and contracting.

Einstein Moves to the United States (1933-39)

A longtime pacifist and a Jew, Einstein became the target of hostility in Weimar Germany, where many citizens were suffering plummeting economic fortunes in the aftermath of defeat in the Great War.

In December 1932, a month before Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany, Einstein made the decision to emigrate to the United States, where he took a position at the newly founded Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.