Jose luandino vieira biography of mahatma gandhi
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Personal Life: Married Life with Kasturba and Children
Mahatma Gandhi’s personal life was intertwined with his activism, particularly through his marriage to Kasturba Makanji. In South Africa, Mohandas tasted bitter experience of racial discrimination during his journey from Durban to Pretoria, where his presence was required in connection with a lawsuit.
At the end of 3 days both the parties agreed on arbitration. In 1915 when Gandhiji returned from South Africa he had established his ashram at Kochrab near Ahmedabad. He would remain in jail for eleven years.
Vieira's works often followed the structure of the African oral narrative and dealt with the harsh realities of Portuguese rule in Angola.
When British Government ordered Gandhiji to leave Champaran, he defied the order by declaring that “British could not order me about in my own country”. Gandhi’s simple act of collecting salt became a powerful symbol of resistance and self-sufficiency, exemplifying his philosophy of Satyagraha—truth and firmness. Gandhi organized a march from New Castle to Transvaal without permit and courting arrest.
Gandhi's time in London was marked by his struggle to adapt to Western culture, alongside a growing commitment to vegetarianism and a deeper exploration of various religious philosophies. But he returned to India in 1915 as Mahatma.
As advised by Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Gandhiji spent one year travelling in India and studying India and her people.
He also started Swadeshi movement, advocating the use of commodities made in the country. They wed at the tender age of 13 in an arranged marriage, which was typical of the time. Read more on Wikipedia
His biography is available in 17 different languages on Wikipedia. He was born in the distinguished family of administrators.
He asked the Indians to boycott foreign cloth and promote hand spun khadi thus creating work for the villagers. Their eldest son, Harilal, struggled to find his path under the shadow of his father’s immense influence, while the other sons navigated their own journeys during India's tumultuous struggle for independence. Before him are Jimmy Makulis, Fred Bongusto, Andrey Zaliznyak, Victor Chizhikov, Mona Malm, and Donald Arnold.
This period in prison was of bereavement for Gandhiji. He established in May 1910 Tolstoy Farm, near Johannesburg on the similar ideals of Phoenix Ashram.
In 1913, to protest against the imposition of 3 Pound tax and passing immigration Bill adversely affecting the status of married women, he inspired Kasturbai and Indian women to join the struggle.
Gandhiji fasted in support of workers. He wrote in the language unique to the musseque, a fusion of Kimbundu and Portuguese.
The Salt March sparked widespread civil disobedience across India, leading to thousands of arrests, including Gandhi himself.
Kasturba the Salt March Satyagraha
José Luandino Vieira
WRITER
1935 - Today
José Luandino Vieira
José Luandino Vieira (born José Vieira Mateus da Graça on 4 May 1935) is an Angolan writer of short fiction and novels.
Despite his efforts to unite diverse religious communities in India, his assassination in 1948 by a Hindu extremist highlighted the deep divisions within the country.