World war 1 autobiography definition apush
Home / Historical Figures / World war 1 autobiography definition apush
— “the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month.”
Important American Military Leaders of World War I
General John J.
Pershing — Pershing was the Commander-in-chief of the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF), the main United States military force sent to fight in Europe. He was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor by President Barack Obama in 2015.
Lieutenant Colonel Teddy Roosevelt Jr. — Roosevelt was the eldest son of former President Theodore Roosevelt.
Despite opposition from Congress, Wilson issued an Executive Order, instructing the U.S. Navy to support American merchant ships with Navy personnel, and equipment.
The Zimmerman Telegram
In late February, another issue with Germany came to light when British intelligence notified the United States it had intercepted and decoded a secret transmission sent by Germany to Mexico.
When the armistice was signed on November 11, he flew over the site so he could witness the event.
Lieutenant David S. Ingalls — Ingalls was a pilot and the Navy’s only flying ace of World War I.
Lieutenant Quentin Roosevelt — He was the youngest son of former President Theodore Roosevelt and a pilot during the war.
He commanded the 1st Provisional Tank Brigade and provided support to the U.S. I Corps in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. MacArthur commanded troops during the Champagne-Marne Offensive, the Battle of Saint-Mihiel, and the Meuse-Argonne Offensive.
American Heroes of World War I
Several American soldiers from World War I are recognized as heroes for their actions during the war, including:
Sergeant Alvin York — York was a Tennessee farmer who became one of the most decorated — and famous — American soldiers of the war.
When Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. The Senate responded by approving a resolution to declare war on Germany, on April 4, 1917. President Wilson responded by cutting diplomatic ties with Germany on February 3. Wilson based his request on Germany’s policy of “Unrestricted Submarine Warfare” in the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean, along with Germany’s effort to enter into a military alliance with Mexico against the United States.
He received the Medal of Honor.
The Treaty of Versailles imposed harsh penalties on Germany, leading to economic hardship and political instability that contributed to the rise of extremist movements like Nazism. The Battle of Albert took place on August 21. Ottoman military general Mustafa Kemal was the 1st president (Ataturk)
Ottoman empire ended (1923) → Arab states south of Turkey had no gov → Britain & France made mandate system there (similar to imperialism)
Influenza Pandemic of 1918
An influenza virus originated in Spain & spread via WW1 soldiers → Became global pandemic in 1918, killing 20 million
The United States Enters World War I
On April 2, 1917, President Woodrow Wilson appeared before a joint session of Congress where the formally requested a Declaration of War against Germany.
The military had to be called in to restore order.
The July Ultimatum
On July 23, Austria-Hungary sent a formal letter to the Serbian government, asking it to respect the Treaty of Berlin and its authority over Bosnia and Herzegovina. Although the treaty marked the end of the “Great War”, it also set the stage for the rise of totalitarian regimes and the eventual outbreak of World War II.
Many historians generally agree the harsh terms of the treaty, directed at Germany, along with the subsequent economic and political instability in Europe, were contributing factors to the rise of Hitler and the Nazi Party in Germany.
Significance of the United States in World War I
The participation of the United States in World War I played an important role in shaping the future of the nation.
Johnson was the first American soldier in World War I to receive the Croix de Guerre. The war marked a turning point in history, leading to significant political, social, and economic changes worldwide, especially in the context of the tumultuous 1920s that followed.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- The war began after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in June 1914, which set off a chain reaction among the major powers due to existing alliances.
- Over 70 million military personnel were mobilized during the conflict, making it one of the largest wars in history at that time.
- The introduction of new military technologies, such as tanks, machine guns, and poison gas, changed the nature of warfare and resulted in unprecedented levels of destruction and casualties.
- The aftermath of the war saw widespread political upheaval, including revolutions in several countries and the eventual rise of fascism and communism as ideologies seeking to address the social issues exacerbated by the conflict.
- The First World War significantly altered global power dynamics, leading to the collapse of empires such as the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires and paving the way for the emergence of new nations.
Review Questions
- How did the alliances formed prior to the First World War contribute to the scale of the conflict?
- The alliances formed before the First World War played a crucial role in escalating a regional conflict into a global war.
This quickly involved other countries allied with these powers, drawing in nations from around the world. He received the Congressional Medal of Honor for leading an attack on a German machine gun nest, in which he and his men killed several German soldiers and captured 132 others. When they stopped to turn around, Princip rushed the Archduke’s car and fatally shot the Archduke and the Duchess at close range.
The AEF was sent to Europe and played a major role in several key battles and campaigns.
- The alliances formed before the First World War played a crucial role in escalating a regional conflict into a global war.