Julio argentina roca biography of martinez
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He served his presidential term as the 9th and 14th Head of the State. Roca retired from active political life.
Achievements
Patagonian lands were opened for settlement and Argentine agricultural and livestock production expanded. His impact on the transformation of Argentina into a prosperous and modern nation is indisputable, as is his influence on the configuration of the state and national politics.
His presence in Casa Rosada
In the Hall of Honour, also known as the Hall of Busts of the Government House, there is a bust in homage to Julio Argentino Roca.
In addition, in the Hall of Heroes there is a painting highlighting his importance for our country.
In the Casa Rosada Museum is the painting ‘Portrait of President Julio A.
Roca’ painted in oil on canvas, 130 x 94 cm, made by Rafael Del Villar in 1937.
Also on display there is a travel kit of President Roca, a set of 42 pieces for personal care and grooming. In his second term, he created the War College and the Military Port, and in foreign policy he signed the May Pacts with Chile, seeking to resolve border disputes peacefully.
His concern for order and the professionalisation of the army led him to lead the Desert Campaign in 1879, which succeeded in consolidating the national territory and asserting Argentine sovereignty over Patagonia.
His leadership in this campaign and his vision of progress and order made him a strong presidential candidate.
During this period there was very serious tension with Chile over the boundary around the Strait of Magellan. On 19 October 1914 he died on his estate, 'La Argentina'. He took little part in public life after his second term as President. He made a major contribution towards the Argentina we know today - and his actions revived the Falklands dispute.
Roca and his campaigns in the Pampa, 1878-1879; 1960
Comments
Revisions
September 2019 Additional photograph added; two references added
Peter PEPPER
BA (Hons) Keele; geologist; former Co-Editor of the Falkland Islands Newsletter.
JULIO ARGENTINO ROCA
militarypoliticianpresident
Julio Argentino Roca was the Argentine military hero who eradicated Indian opposition from the South, was twice elected President and was a dominant political leader in the last quarter ot the nineteenth century.
This was a period of heavy immigration from southern Europe, but Roca effectively denied immigrants political representation.
During his second term he continued many of the same policies pursued earlier, although the political and social situation had dramatically altered with the creation of the Unión Cívica Radical and greatly increased the militancy of labor and immigrant groups.
With the Indians no longer around to impede Argentine expansion southward, and the Chileans pushed back to the Straits of Magellan, Argentina was left controlling the mainland opposite the Falkland Islands. His thinking, influenced by the Generation of the 1980s, promoted a liberal economic order and a strong, centralised state administration.
He also created new provinces and territories, such as Misiones, Formosa, Chaco, La Pampa, and others in the Patagonian region.
Roca returned to the Presidency in 1898, facing a transformed country with new social and political tensions. His mother died when he was 12 years old, at which time he moved to the Colegio de Concepción del Uruguay, a prestigious institution of the Argentine Confederation.
Roca continued to deny representation to these groups, controlled elections by fraud, used violence to break up demonstrations, utilized the military to maintain control, and passed a law that allowed the government to expel any foreign “troublemakers.”
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In 1880, he became president of the nation, backed by the National Autonomist Party (PAN).Career
By 1874, at age 31, Roca won promotion to general. The two presidents made peace and King Edward VII of Britain was invited to arbitrate on their territorial disagreements. At the age of 31, he had already reached the rank of General of the Army. He participated in the War of the Triple Alliance against Paraguay and in various internal campaigns to combat federal rebellions.
He died on 19 October 1914 in Buenos Aires. His life and political career were fundamental for the consolidation and modernisation of our country.
President Julio Argentino Roca was born on 17 July 1843, the third of nine children born to Agustina Paz and José Segundo Roca. He was a son of a military officer who had fought for Argentine independence, he was born in the Province of Tucuman, and began his own military activities at age 15 in fighting between the interior and Buenos Aires armies.