Ho feng shan biography templates
Home / Historical Figures / Ho feng shan biography templates
His father had already passed away.”[18]
Among those who obtained Chinese visas but did not go to Shanghai were the three Lillienthal siblings, the children of a prominent and well-to-do family in Vienna. Thy Brother’s Blood: The Orthodox Jewish Response During the Holocaust. (Brooklyn, NY: Mesorah, 1987), p. Two days later, Hitler paraded triumphantly through Vienna.
They emigrated to 89 countries including 30,850 to England 28,000 to the United States, 11,589 to South and Central America, 28,700 to Asia (18,000 to china), and 9,190 to Palestine. / Friedenson, Joseph, and David Kranzler, forward by Julius Kuhl. Heroine of Rescue: The Incredible Story of Recha Sternbuch Who Saved Thousands from the Holocaust. (Brooklyn, NY: Mesorah Publications, 1984). / Perl, William R. The Four-Front War: From the Holocaust to the Promised Land. (New York: Crown Publishers, 1978), pp.
47-48.
[25] Testimony of Dr. Bernard Grossfeld, Chicago, Ill.
[26] Ibid, p. 145, states 48,767 were lost; Hilberg, 1985, p. 245. “Austria,” pp. 1568. In retaliation, the Nazis unleashed Kristallnacht, the worst pogrom that had yet taken place in Germany on November 9, 1938, and in Vienna on November 10. “American Diplomats in Berlin (1933-1939) and their Attitude to the Nazi Persecution of the Jews.” Yad Vashem Studies, 9 (1973), pp.
A Quiet American: The Secret War of Varian Fry. (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1999), pp.
Consul General Feng Shan Ho
Biography of Dr. Feng Shan Ho
Consul General Feng Shan Ho
Prepared by Eric Saul and Manli Ho
Visas for Life: The Righteous and Honorable Diplomats Project
“Visas! We began to live visas day and night. When we were awake, we were obsessed by visas. We talked about them all the time. Exit visas. Transit visas. Entrance visas. Where could we go? During the day we tried to get the proper documents, approvals, stamps. At night, in bed, we tossed about and dreamed about long lines, officials, visas. Visas.”
- Austrian visa recipient
Introduction
This document was originally prepared in 1999 by Eric Saul, Executive Director of the Visas for Life: The Righteous and Honorable Diplomats Project, and Manli Ho, the daughter of Ambassador Ho. The Visas for Life Project was founded in 1994 for the purposes of documenting and honoring diplomats who rescued Jews and other refugees during the Holocaust, 1933-1945.
The Visas for Life Project discovered the work of Dr.
Ho through an obituary that was written by Manli Ho and published in the Sacramento Bee. After reading the obituary, Eric Saul contact Manli Ho, who was living in San Francisco. Manli Ho indicated that she knew nothing about her father’s rescue activities, other than that he had mentioned them in his memoir, My Forty Years as a Diplomat, which was published in Chinese in 1990. Research on Dr.
Ho’s rescue activities was conducted by the Visas for Life Project in cooperation with Manli Ho, the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum, Yad Vashem, the Simon Wiesenthal Center, and other institutions. A thorough, years-long search was conducted to find Jewish visa recipients who were helped by Dr. Ho. Numerous international archives were consulted. In these archives we found numerous original visas issued to Jewish survivors. We also found numerous references to the “Chinese consulate in Vienna” in various historic sources. Dr.
Ho was rarely, if ever, mentioned by name.
Ho mentioned that he worked with church and Jewish charitable organizations, and we have discovered that he had worked with the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (The Joint) representatives as well as the Af-Al-Pi immigrant organization, among others.
After compiling all the information and testimonies, we submitted the nomination for Dr.
Ho and it was carefully examined by Dr. Mordecai Paldiel and the Department of the Righteous personnel and committee at the Yad Vashem Martyrs’ and Heroes’ Remembrance Authority (now known as Yad Vashem: The World Holocaust Remembrance Center). Yad Vashem consulted a number of experts on rescue, including Dr. David Kranzler, in regard to Dr.
Ho’s rescue activities. Dr. Israel Singer, then the director of the World Jewish Congress, verified that his father, Dr. Julius Kuhl, and Recha Sternbuch had worked with Dr. Ho in the rescue of Jews through Switzerland. In addition, Yad Vashem contacted the Taiwanese Foreign Ministry to see if they could find records of Dr. Ho’s rescue activity during the period of the Holocaust. It turned out that there was a demerit in his personnel record, which was related to his issuing visas.
Dr.
Ho met the criteria for recognition as Righteous Among the Nations on July 7, 2000.
On January 23, 2001, I accompanied Manli Ho and her brother, Monto Ho, to the official ceremony in Jerusalem honoring Dr. Ho as Righteous Among the Nations.
The Visas for Life Project subsequently created a number of traveling exhibits specifically on the rescue activities of Dr.
Feng Shan Ho. A special showing of the exhibit was opened in both Beijing and in Ho’s hometown in China for his 100th birthday in 2001.
Subsequently, Dr. Ho has been honored in numerous programs internationally.
In 2015, the Republic of China (Taiwan) honored Dr. Ho.
Subsequent research has determined that there were several other Chinese diplomats issuing life-saving visas to Jews throughout Europe. These Chinese diplomats were located in Hamburg, Marseilles, and Milan. Examples of these visas have been found in numerous archives, and testimony by survivors who were aided by these diplomats confirms these rescue accounts.
This document includes the documentary evidence that we collected on Dr.
Ho, including testimony by survivors and excerpts from Dr. Ho’s memoirs in English.
Dr. Feng Shan Ho,* Consul General of China in Vienna, 1938-40
Dr. Feng Shan Ho was among the early diplomats to save Jews during the Holocaust. Some 30,000 Austrian and German Jews were deported to concentration camps.[23]
Kristallnacht in Vienna began on the morning of November 10, 1938.
Letter from Vienna: A daughter uncovers her family’s Jewish Past. (Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre, 1995), pp. Forty Years of My Diplomatic Life. (Hong Kong: Chinese University Press, 1991). In the 1980s, he visited mainland China several times, including visits to Changsha. Ross, p.