Nicolas de condorcet biography sample
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He participated in the reform of the education system, the drafting of several declarations, and the development of the Girondin version of the constitution. He also wrote renowned biographies of 17th-century scientists and contemporaries, such as "Éloges des académiciens... He was an early advocate for the establishment of a republic, though he argued against the execution of King Louis XVI in 1793.
The National Convention, which had condemned Condorcet, later decided to publish his final work.
OLL’s September Birthday: The Marquis de Condorcet
Condorcet was born into a very old aristocratic family in the Dauphiné region of southeastern France on September 17, 1743.
Condorcet was an enthusiastic supporter of the revolution in 1789, and quickly was elected the Secretary of the newly established National Assembly. He became a strong advocate of free trade and constitutional government, as well as an exceptional advocate for female emancipation and women’s rights. In 1785, he published one of his most important works, Essay on the Application of Analysis to the Probability of Majority Decisions.
Condorcet went into hiding in a secret refuge in Paris in 1793.
Final Works and Death
During his nine months in hiding, Condorcet managed to write a significant work titled "Esquisse d'un tableau historique des progrès de l'esprit humain" (1795), which outlined his vision of the progress of human reason, virtue, and the limitless improvement and progress of humanity.
Through his connections with Turgot, and by virtue of his publications, he was inducted into most of the scientific academies of Europe and North America, and got to know many of the leading scientists and philosophers of the time, including Benjamin Franklin. He made it out of Paris, but was soon captured and imprisoned in the Paris suburb of Bourg-la-Reine.
morts depuis 1666 jusqu'en 1699" (1773).
Involvement in Social Sciences and Politics
Under the influence of his close friends Voltaire and Turgot, for whom he wrote biographies, Condorcet developed an interest in the social sciences.
By March 1794 he feared that his hideout was about to be discovered and so decided to take a gamble that he could escape from France.
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He hid out for five months in the house of a friend, visited regularly by his wife. His skills as an economist were recognized when Turgot became the Minister of Finance and Condorcet himself became the chief inspector of the mint. His ideas and writings were said to embody the ideals of the Age of Enlightenment and rationalism, and remaininfluential to this day.It includes explications on a number of aspects of majority voting, such as in jury decisions and democratic elections. From childhood he exhibited a talent for mathematics, and he initially found fame in that field.
In 1774, Turgot appointed him Inspector General of the Paris Mint.
He was buried in a common grave by the prison, and his remains were subsequently lost during the nineteenth century. His belief in natural rights theory extended also to equality among the races, and he joined the Society of Friends of the Blacks, which agitated for the abolition of slavery and in 1781 published a pamphlet, “Reflections on Negro Slavery,” in which he condemned slavery.
In 1785, he published a work on the application of analysis to the problem of majority voting decisions, titled "Essai sur l'application de l'analyse à la probabilité des décisions rendues à la pluralité des voix."
Political Career and Controversy
In 1791, Condorcet was elected to the Legislative Assembly from Paris and soon became its secretary.
He published path-breaking papers on integral calculus in 1765 and 1772, and was elected to the Academie Royale des Sciences in 1769.